The sword we normally train with is usually referred to as the Katana or more specifically Daito ( long sword ). The shorter companion sword often worn by samurai are called the wakizashi or shoto. The blunt sword used for iaido practice is called an iaito.
The most important parts of the sword are named the following:
Tsuka Handle
Tsukagashira End of handle
Mekugi Retaining peg
Tsuba Guard
Saya Scabbard
Koiguchi Mouth of the Saya
Kojiri Butt of the Saya
Sageo Saya strings
Ha – Blade
Mine – Spine or back of the blade
Kissaki Point
Shinogi Grove
These are the more frequently discussed terms during teaching of the sword arts
